核心提示：1.Cookie本质是客户端浏览器上的一个文件这里用Cookies实现简单的用户登录：views.py:def login(request):if request.method == GET:retu...
1.Cookie本质是客户端浏览器上的一个文件
这里用Cookies实现简单的用户登录：
views.py:
def login(request):
if request.method == "GET":
return render(request, 'login.html')
if request.method == "POST":
u = request.POST.get('username')
p = request.POST.get('pwd')
dic = user_info.get(u)
if not dic:
return render(request, 'login.html')
if dic['pwd'] == p:
res = redirect('/index/')
res.set_cookie('username111', u)
#max_age设置失效时间(秒)
return res
else:
return render(request, 'login.html')
def index(request):
v = request.COOKIES.get('username111')
if not v:
return redirect('/login/')
return render(request, 'index.html', {'current_user': v})
index.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>欢迎{{ current_user }}登录</h1>
</body>
</html>
login.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/login/" method="POST">
<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名"/>
<input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码"/>
<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
这样直接访问index不会成功，必须要登录后才可以访问，访问成功后页面显示当前的用户名。
cookie这里还可以设置参数，这里介绍一个常用的（这里的cookies只在五秒内有效）：
import datetime
current_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
current_date = current_date + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5)
res.set_cookie('username111', u, expires=current_date)
这里的Cookies是明文的，可以机密，比如这样(这里的salt是自己任意写的，但是要注意，设置和获取的盐要一致)：
obj = HttpResponse('666')
obj.set_signed_cookie('username', 'root', salt="jiageyan")
request.get_signed_cookie('username', salt="jiageyan")
有时候需要多次用户认证，为了不重复写代码，可以加入用户认证装饰器：
FBV装饰器：
def auth(func):
def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
v = request.COOKIES.get('username111')
if not v:
return redirect('/login/')
return func(request, *args, **kwargs)
return inner
@auth
def index(request):
v = request.COOKIES.get('username111')
return render(request, 'index.html', {'current_user': v})
CBV装饰器：
def auth(func):
def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
v = request.COOKIES.get('username111')
if not v:
return redirect('/login/')
return func(request, *args, **kwargs)
return inner
from django import views
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
@method_decorator(auth, name='dispatch')
class Order(views.View):
#装饰类的原理相当于下边这三行代码
#@method_decorator(auth)
#def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# return super(Order, self).dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs)
def get(self, request):
v = request.COOKIES.get('username111')
return render(request, 'index.html', {'current_user': v})
def post(self, request):
v = request.COOKIES.get('username111')
return render(request, 'index.html', {'current_user': v})
